Gender and Age Effects on Serum Calcium, Phosphorus, and Alkaline Phosphatase in Hemodialysis Patients: An Analytical Study

• Salimah Naji

  Faculty of Medicine, Elmergib University, Elkhoms, Libya

  المؤلف

• Saleh Abdualkarim

  Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Azzaytuna University, Tarhuna, Libya

  المؤلف

Patients on maintenance hemodialysis frequently develop chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD), characterized by abnormalities in calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Despite routine calcium and vitamin D supplementation, the influence of age and gender on these parameters remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate serum calcium, phosphorus, and ALP levels in hemodialysis patients and compare them across gender and age groups. A total of 100 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were enrolled. All participants received regular calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Serum calcium, phosphorus, and ALP levels were measured. Comparisons were made between male and female patients using independent t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests based on data normality. Differences across three age groups (<40 years, 41–59 years, and ≥60 years) were analyzed using one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test, with post-hoc pairwise comparisons adjusted by Bonferroni correction. The mean serum calcium was 9.44 ± 0.67 mg/dL, the mean phosphorus was 6.53 ± 1.78 mg/dL, and the mean ALP was 192.2 ± 241.8 U/L. No significant gender differences were observed for calcium (p = 0.578), phosphorus (p = 0.929), or ALP (p = 0.799). Age-based analysis showed no significant differences in calcium (p = 0.371) or phosphorus (p = 0.076). However, ALP levels differed significantly across age groups (p = 0.009). Post-hoc analysis revealed that patients aged <40 years had significantly higher ALP compared to those aged 41–59 years (p = 0.003) and those aged ≥60 years (p = 0.017). No significant difference was found between the 41–59 and ≥60 years groups (p = 0.750).

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